Collective proceedings against Volkswagen AG and related parties over defeat device software installed in more than 11 million diesel vehicles worldwide between 2009 and 2018.
Collective proceedings against Daimler AG / Mercedes-Benz Group over emissions defeat devices used in Euro 5 and Euro 6 diesel vehicles, including OM 642 V6 and OM 651 four-cylinder engines.
Collective proceedings against Stellantis NV (formerly Fiat Chrysler Automobiles) over defeat devices in Multijet diesel engines, building on FCA US LLC's 2022 guilty plea to criminal conspiracy in the United States.
Collective proceedings against Renault SA and related parties over emissions defeat devices in dCi diesel engines, following findings by French authorities of "exceptionally high" real-world NOx emissions.
Collective proceedings against Stellantis NV (as successor to Opel Automobile GmbH) over defeat devices in Opel and Vauxhall diesel vehicles.
Collective proceedings against Stellantis NV (as successor to Peugeot SA / PSA Group) over emissions defeat devices in HDi diesel engines.